Formatting text with proper indentation, capitalization, good numbering hierarchy, appropriate use of bolding and italics (generally avoid underlining since it is already reserved for hyperlinks). The examples below are excerpts from an early lab in a 300-level structural geology class that I taught. Before printing each lab assignment for the students, I would spend a few minutes fixing up the formatting to look more like what is on the right. I find that students are much less likely to miss questions or fail to read critical instructions when the text is formatted well.
Color blindness is common; 1 in 12 men and 1 in 200 women experience some kind of color vision deficiency. This means that in any decently large class, there will be variability in how the students perceive colors. Geology is particularly reliant on colorful figures for our scientific communication, the prime example being the geologic map. Reading a geologic map is an important skill taught in any geology curriculum, and very often that requires perceiving the differences between many pastel shades.
Original map
I highly recommend bookmarking a color blindness simulator such as COBLIS. With it, you can simulate the effects of color blindness to see how accessible your color figures are. The geologic map of Pennsylvania to the left is relatively simple as geologic maps go, but still becomes much harder to interpret when simulated in various common forms of color blindness below.
While the best practice is to avoid color as a way of differentiating things in your teaching figures (consider using textures like stippling, or cross-hatching, etc.), color figures are a necessary evil in our field. It's extraordinarily time consuming to convert a complex figure like a geologic map to be color accessible, so often the best we can do is to make explicit the implicit norm of how common color blind unfriendly figures are in geology by telling your students at the start of a color-heavy assignment that the assignment is not very color-accessible, and they should feel comfortable asking for your assistance if they are having trouble reading the figures.
Red-Weak
Red-Blind
Green-Blind
Test the accesibility of figures here: COlor BLIndness Simulator (COBLIS)
Before coloring a figure, plan a good color palette here: Color Palette Tester